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| There are 57 entries in the glossary. |
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| Cable Internet | The Internet can be accessed through a high-speed connection provided by a cable television line. This type of connection is much faster than the usual connection which uses a regular modem and a telephone line. To implement a cable connection to the Internet, a cable modem must be attached to a network connection (Ethernet connection) on your computer. Both the modem and the necessary network card are usually supplied by the cable company as part of their package. If you don’t have a cable outlet near the computer, the company that provides the service will install one for you.
To use this type of connection, your cable television company must have it available, and not all cable companies offer this service. Some companies that are not cable television companies are able offer this service because they have made affiliations and/or rental agreements with the cable television operators.
If you currently subscribe to cable television and you add cable Internet service, most cable companies will give you a reduced rate for this combination service. Also, you can watch television and surf the Internet at the same time.
A cable Internet connection is an always-on connection, meaning you don’t have to dial up the Internet when you want access. Just turn your computer on, and you are connected to the Internet. This always-on type of connection is convenient, but makes it easier for a hacker to access your computer data. Therefore, if you use cable to access the Internet, you should implement a firewall to protect your computer.
The drawback to cable Internet is that it is shared access, meaning that you share the bandwidth with your neighbors. If every one of your neighbors gets cable Internet access and every one of them is online simultaneously, your Internet connection will slow considerably. Slow speed is currently not a problem or even a consideration in most cases. However, if cable access becomes more widespread, speed slow-downs could become a drawback to cable Internet access.
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| Cable Modem | A modem that allows rapid Internet access over a cable television line. To use a cable modem, Internet service must be available from the cable television company. |
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| Cache | A small amount of computer memory that holds most recently used data. |
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| CAD (Computer-Aided Design) |
The use of hardware and software for designing products. Many
architects and design engineers use computer-aided design to generate
three-dimensional images of various products, such as houses,
automobiles, furniture, and airplanes.
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| Calibration | The process of adjusting equipment to
a standard so that the images look the same on all the calibrated devices.
Cameras, scanner, monitors, printers, and television can all be calibrated.
Generally this is done by hardware and software that matches the colors to a
standard set of colors.
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| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | A form of stress injury that produces numbness or burning in the fingers, hands and/or wrists. |
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| CAT (Computer Axial Tomography) Scan | A series of x-rays that show the human body in slices (tomograms). A computer turns these slices into pictures. They are also called CT scans.
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| Cathod Ray Tube | see CRT
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| CCS (Cascading Style Sheet) |
A language used to describe a
documents color, font, layout, and other characteristics. It is often used for
web documents.
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| CD-E (Compact Disc-erasable) also called | A compact disc that can be read, written on, erased and reused. CD-E drives can play CD-ROMs and CD-Rs as well.
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| CD-R (Compact Disc-Recordable) | A compact disc that can be written on, but cannot be erased or reused. CD-R drives can play CD-ROMs. |
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| CD-ROM (Compact Disc - Read Only Memory) | A hard plastic disc that holds about 650 megabytes of computer data. This disc cannot be written on. |
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| CDT (Cumulative Trauma Disorders) | Physical disorders that are caused by stress on certain areas of the body. |
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| Cell | A single location in a grid in a spreadsheet. |
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| Central Processing Unit | see CPU
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| CGI (Common Gateway Interface) | This is a standard set of rules that describe how a Web Server communicates with another piece of software. Often used in creating financial Web applications. |
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| Charged Coupled Device (CCD) | A
sensor that records images. It is a
component of many digital cameras.
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| Chat Room | A virtual meeting room where computer users can communicate with each other in real time. People from all over the world can come together in a chat room to discuss topics of mutual interest. |
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| Chatting | On
the Internet involves going to an address on the Internet that two or more
people can visit at once to interact with each other by typing messages back
and forth in real time.
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| Checkbook Program | A program that helps you to balance your checkbook and organize and budget your finances. |
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| Chip | A thin silicon wafer that contains integrated electronic circuits. Chips perform many computer functions including serving as the computer memory. |
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| Clearing House | An agency that collects and disseminates information and often acts as a referral service.
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| Click | Pressing the mouse button. This usually refers to the left mouse button. Double click means to press the left mouse button twice in quick succession. Right-click means to press the right mouse button. |
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| Click Wheel | Apple’s proprietary circular
control that is found on the front of the iPod. The click wheel which is uncluttered
and easy to use is partly responsible for the popularity of the iPod.
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| Click-through | When one visitor clicks on an ad in a website. The effectiveness of web advertisements is determined by a click-through rate - the number of times that an ad is clicked on versus the number of times that it is viewed.
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| Clip Art | Drawings or other images that have been produced to be used in computer programs. |
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| Clipboard | The
clipboard is a special area in the computer memory that temporarily stores data
which is to be moved or copied to another location. You get data into the clip
board by using the Cut or Copy function. The data from the clipboard can then
be pasted it into any document or program. The data remains in the clipboard
until it is overwritten or the computer is turned off. Although any program can
provide a way to see what is in the clipboard, in normal use, you do not actually see the clipboard or its
contents.
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| Clone | A computer that functions exactly like another, better-known product. It is not necessarily an exact copy of that product, but should be able to use the same software and file structures. |
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| Cloud (The Cloud) |
The cloud is a reference to the
Internet. More and more applications and services that originally ran on a computer
desktop are moving to the Internet. It is said that these applications and
services run in “the cloud”.
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| CMYK |
An abbreviation for cyan (C),
magenta (M), yellow(Y), and black (K). These are the four colors used in
four-color printing.
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| Coax (coaxial cable) | The primary type of cable used by the cable television industry. Coaxial cable also carries high speed Internet connections. |
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| Codec |
A piece of software that is used
to encode and decode digital data. A codec compresses and decompresses large
files, such as video files, so they can be transmitted more quickly. If a file
was encoded using a certain codec, you must have that codec in order to decode
it.
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| Comma Delimited |
A list of terms that are each separated
by a comma. The comma tells the operating system how to separate the terms.
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| CompactFlash (CF) Card |
A type of memory card that is
often used in a digital camera to store images. Compact Flash cards are
slightly larger than many other types of memory cards.
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| Comparison Shopping Sites |
are websites that will find and
compare the prices of items from several competing online stores.
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| Competitive Upgrade |
Qualifying to purchase an upgrade
version of a software program because you already own a similar software
program from a competing company. An
upgrade version is always considerably cheaper than a full version, so you can
save money by purchasing a competitive upgrade.
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| Compression | Technology that reduces the size of a file. Using compression allows a file to be transmitted over the Internet more quickly and to be stored using less space. Some common compression standards are Zip files for the PC, Stuffit files for the Mac, and MP3 |
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| Computer Axial Tomography Scan (CT or CA | is
the process of using digital processing to generate a three-dimensional image
of the internals of a patient using a series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken
around a single axis of rotation.
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| Computer literacy | An individual’s level of skill with computers and computer applications.
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| Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) |
The American Optometric Association defines Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) as eye and vision problems related to computer use. The symptoms of CVS include tired eyes, eyestrain, sore eyes, periodic blurred near vision, occasional blurred distance vision, headaches, dry eyes, slowness in changing the focus of your eyes, red eyes, and burning eyes. Bausch & Lomb reports that nearly sixty million people suffer from eye or vision problems due to computer work. One million new cases are reported each year. See the Computer Vision Center for more information about how the computer affects your eyes and how to protect your vision.
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| Contact Sheet |
A number of small thumbnail-sized images printed on one
sheet. These are used to preview and select images.
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| Contrast | The tonal difference between the lightest and darkest areas.
Often used when talking about photographs and display screens.
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| Convergence |
The merging or blending of distinct technologies, industries
or devices into one. This is often used to describe the coming together of technologies
like television, the computer, and the cell phone.
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| Cookies | A cookie is a tiny piece of text that is placed on your hard drive. Its job is to record bits of information such as the pages you've visited, items you've put into an online shopping cart, and your user name and password for a specific site that you have visited. Cookie files allow a Web server to store information about you on your computer, retrieve, and then use that information in the future. Cookies are activated when you use your browser to visit Web sites on the Internet. The two main browsers, Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator, both support cookies. For more information on cookies, see Cookies made Easy.
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| Core 2 Duo | Simply put, the Core 2 Duo is the second rendition of Intel’s
dual-core processor. It is faster than the Core Duo, which was the first
release of this processor. Also, see Core Duo, and dual-core. |
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| Core Duo | Simply put, this is a brand that refers to Intel’s computer
processor that is dual-core, meaning that it contains two chips for faster
processing. Also, see Core 2 Duo, and dual-core. |
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| CPU (Central Processing Unit) | The main component of a computer system. The brain of the computer. Processes all instructions and information. It is also called the processor.
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| Crash | A serious computer failure caused by a hardware or software malfunction. A crash is said to happen when either the computer or the program stops responding. A computer crash can often be rectified by restarting the computer. Constant crashes, however, need to be eliminated by finding the source of the problem.
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| Credit Report | is
a financial report that lenders use to measure your credit worthiness. These reports include outstanding balances on
loans and payment history
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| Crop | To
crop is to cut off the sides of a picture to make it the proper size, to remove
superfluous areas, or to focus on a certain area.
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| Crowdsourcing | Using the skills of a wide variety of people to do a job or
perform a task is called crowdsourcing. The people who perform such a function
are often found on the Internet. Although these people can be paid, they
are often volunteers. |
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| CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) |
An older analog technology used
for televisions and computer monitors. CRTs are large and bulky and consume a
considerable amount of electricity. They work by an electron gun that
illuminates phosphor dots inside a glass tube producing screen images.
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| Crystal Optics | The
multifaceted properties of crystals that make light behave in interesting ways.
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| Cursor (also called the pointer) | A symbol, usually a solid rectangle, blinking underline character or arrow that signifies where on the screen the next entry will occur. |
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| Cut/Copy/Paste |
A common operation done on a
computer to move and/or copy information from one place to another. This can be
done with images as well as text. The text or object is highlighted by running
the cursor over it. Then the cut or copy command is initiated by a menu
selection, by clicking on the appropriate icon, or by pressing the appropriate shortcut
key combination. The cursor is then placed in the new location and the paste
command is issued. The cut command removes the text or object from the original
location. The copy command copies the text or object without removing it from
its original location.
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| Cyber cafe | see Internet Cafe |
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| Cyberspace | A metaphor for the non-physical world of the Internet. |
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