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C
There are 57 entries in the glossary.
Pages: 1
Term Definition
Cable Internet

The Internet can be accessed through a high-speed connection provided by a cable television line. This type of connection is much faster than the usual connection which uses a regular modem and a telephone line. To implement a cable connection to the Internet, a cable modem must be attached to a network connection (Ethernet connection) on your computer. Both the modem and the necessary network card are usually supplied by the cable company as part of their package. If you don’t have a cable outlet near the computer, the company that provides the service will install one for you.

To use this type of connection, your cable television company must have it available, and not all cable companies offer this service. Some companies that are not cable television companies are able offer this service because they have made affiliations and/or rental agreements with the cable television operators.

If you currently subscribe to cable television and you add cable Internet service, most cable companies will give you a reduced rate for this combination service. Also, you can watch television and surf the Internet at the same time.

A cable Internet connection is an always-on connection, meaning you don’t have to dial up the Internet when you want access. Just turn your computer on, and you are connected to the Internet. This always-on type of connection is convenient, but makes it easier for a hacker to access your computer data. Therefore, if you use cable to access the Internet, you should implement a firewall to protect your computer.

The drawback to cable Internet is that it is shared access, meaning that you share the bandwidth with your neighbors. If every one of your neighbors gets cable Internet access and every one of them is online simultaneously, your Internet connection will slow considerably. Slow speed is currently not a problem or even a consideration in most cases. However, if cable access becomes more widespread, speed slow-downs could become a drawback to cable Internet access.

 
Cable ModemA modem that allows rapid Internet access over a cable television line. To use a cable modem, Internet service must be available from the cable television company.
 
CacheA small amount of computer memory that holds most recently used data.
 
CAD (Computer-Aided Design)

The use of hardware and software for designing products. Many architects and design engineers use computer-aided design to generate three-dimensional images of various products, such as houses, automobiles, furniture, and airplanes.

 
CalibrationThe process of adjusting equipment to a standard so that the images look the same on all the calibrated devices. Cameras, scanner, monitors, printers, and television can all be calibrated. Generally this is done by hardware and software that matches the colors to a standard set of colors.
 
Carpal Tunnel SyndromeA form of stress injury that produces numbness or burning in the fingers, hands and/or wrists.
 
CAT (Computer Axial Tomography) ScanA series of x-rays that show the human body in slices (tomograms).  A computer turns these slices into pictures.  They are also called CT scans.
 
Cathod Ray Tubesee CRT
 
CCS (Cascading Style Sheet)

A language used to describe a documents color, font, layout, and other characteristics. It is often used for web documents.

 
CD-E (Compact Disc-erasable) also calledA compact disc that can be read, written on, erased and reused. CD-E drives can play CD-ROMs and CD-Rs as well.
 
CD-R (Compact Disc-Recordable)A compact disc that can be written on, but cannot be erased or reused. CD-R drives can play CD-ROMs.
 
CD-ROM (Compact Disc - Read Only Memory)A hard plastic disc that holds about 650 megabytes of computer data. This disc cannot be written on.
 
CDT (Cumulative Trauma Disorders)Physical disorders that are caused by stress on certain areas of the body.
 
CellA single location in a grid in a spreadsheet.
 
Central Processing Unitsee CPU
 
CGI (Common Gateway Interface)This is a standard set of rules that describe how a Web Server communicates with another piece of software. Often used in creating financial Web applications.
 
Charged Coupled Device (CCD)A sensor that records images.  It is a component of many digital cameras.
 
Chat RoomA virtual meeting room where computer users can communicate with each other in real time. People from all over the world can come together in a chat room to discuss topics of mutual interest.
 
ChattingOn the Internet involves going to an address on the Internet that two or more people can visit at once to interact with each other by typing messages back and forth in real time.
 
Checkbook ProgramA program that helps you to balance your checkbook and organize and budget your finances.
 
ChipA thin silicon wafer that contains integrated electronic circuits. Chips perform many computer functions including serving as the computer memory.
 
Clearing HouseAn agency that collects and disseminates information and often acts as a referral service.
 
ClickPressing the mouse button. This usually refers to the left mouse button. Double click means to press the left mouse button twice in quick succession. Right-click means to press the right mouse button.
 
Click WheelApple’s proprietary circular control that is found on the front of the iPod. The click wheel which is uncluttered and easy to use is partly responsible for the popularity of the iPod.
 
Click-throughWhen one visitor clicks on an ad in a website.  The effectiveness of web advertisements is determined by a click-through rate - the number of times that an ad is clicked on versus the number of times that it is viewed.
 
Clip ArtDrawings or other images that have been produced to be used in computer programs.
 
ClipboardThe clipboard is a special area in the computer memory that temporarily stores data which is to be moved or copied to another location. You get data into the clip board by using the Cut or Copy function. The data from the clipboard can then be pasted it into any document or program. The data remains in the clipboard until it is overwritten or the computer is turned off. Although any program can provide a way to see what is in the clipboard, in normal use, you  do not actually see the clipboard or its contents.
 
CloneA computer that functions exactly like another, better-known product. It is not necessarily an exact copy of that product, but should be able to use the same software and file structures.
 
Cloud (The Cloud)

The cloud is a reference to the Internet. More and more applications and services that originally ran on a computer desktop are moving to the Internet. It is said that these applications and services run in “the cloud”.

 
CMYK

An abbreviation for cyan (C), magenta (M), yellow(Y), and black (K). These are the four colors used in four-color printing.

 
Coax (coaxial cable)The primary type of cable used by the cable television industry. Coaxial cable also carries high speed Internet connections.
 
Codec

A piece of software that is used to encode and decode digital data. A codec compresses and decompresses large files, such as video files, so they can be transmitted more quickly. If a file was encoded using a certain codec, you must have that codec in order to decode it.

 
Comma Delimited

A list of terms that are each separated by a comma. The comma tells the operating system how to separate the terms.

 
CompactFlash (CF) Card

A type of memory card that is often used in a digital camera to store images. Compact Flash cards are slightly larger than many other types of memory cards.

 
Comparison Shopping Sites

are websites that will find and compare the prices of items from several competing online stores.

 
Competitive Upgrade

Qualifying to purchase an upgrade version of a software program because you already own a similar software program from a competing company.  An upgrade version is always considerably cheaper than a full version, so you can save money by purchasing a competitive upgrade.

 
CompressionTechnology that reduces the size of a file. Using compression allows a file to be transmitted over the Internet more quickly and to be stored using less space. Some common compression standards are Zip files for the PC, Stuffit files for the Mac, and MP3
 
Computer Axial Tomography Scan (CT or CAis the process of using digital processing to generate a three-dimensional image of the internals of a patient using a series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.
 
Computer literacyAn individual’s level of skill with computers and computer applications.
 
Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS)

The American Optometric Association defines Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) as eye and vision problems related to computer use. The symptoms of CVS include tired eyes, eyestrain, sore eyes, periodic blurred near vision, occasional blurred distance vision, headaches, dry eyes, slowness in changing the focus of your eyes, red eyes, and burning eyes. Bausch & Lomb reports that nearly sixty million people suffer from eye or vision problems due to computer work. One million new cases are reported each year. See the Computer Vision Center for more information about how the computer affects your eyes and how to protect your vision.

 
Contact Sheet

A number of small thumbnail-sized images printed on one sheet. These are used to preview and select images.

 
ContrastThe tonal difference between the lightest and darkest areas. Often used when talking about photographs and display screens.
 
Convergence

The merging or blending of distinct technologies, industries or devices into one. This is often used to describe the coming together of technologies like television, the computer, and the cell phone.

 
Cookies

A cookie is a tiny piece of text that is placed on your hard drive.  Its job is to record bits of information such as the pages you've visited, items you've put into an online shopping cart, and your user name and password for a specific site that you have visited. Cookie files allow a Web server to store information about you on your computer, retrieve, and then use that information in the future. Cookies are activated when you use your browser to visit Web sites on the Internet. The two main browsers, Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator, both support cookies.   For more information on cookies, see Cookies made Easy.

 
Core 2 Duo

Simply put, the Core 2 Duo is the second rendition of Intel’s dual-core processor. It is faster than the Core Duo, which was the first release of this processor. Also, see Core Duo, and dual-core.

 
Core Duo

Simply put, this is a brand that refers to Intel’s computer processor that is dual-core, meaning that it contains two chips for faster processing. Also, see Core 2 Duo, and dual-core.

 
CPU (Central Processing Unit)The main component of a computer system. The brain of the computer. Processes all instructions and information. It is also called the processor.
 
Crash

A serious computer failure caused by a hardware or software malfunction. A crash is said to happen when either the computer or the program stops responding. A computer crash can often be rectified by restarting the computer. Constant crashes, however, need to be eliminated by finding the source of the problem.

 
Credit Reportis a financial report that lenders use to measure your credit worthiness.  These reports include outstanding balances on loans and payment history
 
CropTo crop is to cut off the sides of a picture to make it the proper size, to remove superfluous areas, or to focus on a certain area.
 
Crowdsourcing

Using the skills of a wide variety of people to do a job or perform a task is called crowdsourcing. The people who perform such a function are often found on the Internet. Although these people can be paid, they are often volunteers.

 
CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)

An older analog technology used for televisions and computer monitors. CRTs are large and bulky and consume a considerable amount of electricity. They work by an electron gun that illuminates phosphor dots inside a glass tube producing screen images.

 
Crystal OpticsThe multifaceted properties of crystals that make light behave in interesting ways.
 
Cursor (also called the pointer)A symbol, usually a solid rectangle, blinking underline character or arrow that signifies where on the screen the next entry will occur.
 
Cut/Copy/Paste

A common operation done on a computer to move and/or copy information from one place to another. This can be done with images as well as text. The text or object is highlighted by running the cursor over it. Then the cut or copy command is initiated by a menu selection, by clicking on the appropriate icon, or by pressing the appropriate shortcut key combination. The cursor is then placed in the new location and the paste command is issued. The cut command removes the text or object from the original location. The copy command copies the text or object without removing it from its original location.

 
Cyber cafesee Internet Cafe
 
CyberspaceA metaphor for the non-physical world of the Internet.
 









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